關係代名詞 | 文法中心

四大關代用法對照

關代	先行詞	子句中角色	例句
who	人	主詞	The man who called is my dad.
whom	人	受詞	The man whom I met is kind. (口語用 who)
whose	人/物	所有格	The girl whose bag is red is my sister.
which	物	主詞/受詞	The book which I bought is new.
that	人/物	主詞/受詞	The man that called / The book that I bought.

限定先行詞範圍，不可省略關代(受詞除外)

The student who/that won the prize is happy.

受詞可省略：The book (which/that) I read is good.

補充說明，不可用 that，不可省略關代

My father, who is a doctor, works in Taipei.

This book, which I bought yesterday, is interesting.

介系詞 + which/whom (正式)

The school in which I study is famous.

The man to whom I spoke is my teacher.

關代後置，口語常省略

The school which I study in is famous.

The man whom I spoke to is my teacher.

結構	規則	例句
先行詞為 all/everything/nothing/the only 等	只能用 that	This is all that I know.
先行詞有最高級/序數/唯一修飾	只能用 that	He is the best student that I've taught.
先行詞為人+物混合	用 that	He talked about the people and things that he saw.
介系詞+關代表數量	some of which/many of whom	He has three sons, two of whom are doctors.

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關係副詞	先行詞	可替換為	例句
when	時間	on which / in which	I'll never forget the day when we met.
where	地點	in/at/on which	This is the house where I was born.
why	理由 (reason)	for which	I don't know the reason why he left.